2. Writing and City Life TIMELINE c. 7000-6000 BCE Beginning of agriculture in the northern Mesopotamian plains c. 5000 BCE Earliest temples in southern Mesopotamia built c. 3200 BCE First writing in Mesopotamia c. 3000 BCE Uruk develops into a huge city, increasing use of bronze tools c. 2700-2500 BCE Early kings, including, possibly, the legendary ruler Gilgamesh c. 2600 BCE Development of the cuneiform script c. 2400 BCE Replacement of Sumerian by Akkadian 2370 BCE Sargon, king of Akkad c. 2000 BCE Spread of cuneiform writing to Syria, Turkey and Egypt; Mari and Babylon emerge as important urban centres c.1800 BCE Mathematical texts composed; Sumerian no longer spoken c.1100 BCE Establishment of the Assyrian kingdom c. 1000 BCE Use of iron 720 - 610 BCE Assyrian empire 668 - 627 BCE Rule of Assurbanipal 331 BCE Alexander conquers Bablyon c. 1st century CE Akkadian and cuneiform remain in use 1850s Decipherme...
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